ABSTRACT Sometime between the late Bronze-Age and the early Iron-Age, Iran experienced a linguistic and population replacement. Approximately 2700 years ago, the Indo-Iranian Medes established the Median empire which stretched from north-west Pakistan westwards to Turkey, and thereby brought genetic, linguistic, as well as ideological changes to Iran. Although not much is known about this […]

Abstract Genetic analysis conducted by prominent scientists along with our own independent detailed genome analysis formally, using high density genotyped datasets indicates that Central Asian Iron-Age Indo-Iranic Scythians and Sarmatians played a significant role in the ethnogenesis of present day Kurds and a few other Iranic populations. This coincides with the introduction of Indo-Iranian languages […]

Earlier this month the much awaited Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) paper on the Harappan genomes was released (1). Unfortunately, only one of the sampled skeletons yielded usable DNA fragments. The main conclusions of the paper, which relied primarily on this single sequenced genome, named I6113, and 11 previously sequenced BA individuals in Narasimhan […]

OVERVIEW SAPDA SOFTWARE FEATURES & BENEFITS OVER CURRENTLY AVAILABLE CALCULATORS Use of multiple outgroup populations to increase certainty of mutations specific to various populations; Graphical evidence in support of admixture percentage calculations; Filtration of old mutations common to many populations in admixture calculations; Standard errors output to indicate confidence in admixture calculations; Single population sharing […]

New program for ancestry calculation

Overview: The flood of recently sequenced ancient DNA has tremendously increased our understanding of demography of various Eurasian modern populations. Thanks to the recently sequenced genomes in Damgaard et al, Narasimhan et al, Olaide et al, Lazaridis et al, and Mathieson et al, and the suite of tools within Admixtools, detailed in Patterson et al  […]

You have just obtained your results from a commercial ancestry result test such as 23andMe and it shows that you are 94% W Asian with 1% E Asian. Does this mean that you only have a tiny1% geneflow from some E Asian population? You think to yourself this does not seem right especially if you […]

BACKGROUND Over the past decade various tools have been developed for ancient DNA analysis and assessing shared drift between populations. Some programs such as STRUCTURE, ADMIXTURE are allele frequency based. Others such as Reich Lab’s ADMIXTOOLS use both allele frequencies as well as direct allele comparisons. Others yet such as IBS and IBD compared genomes […]

The Onge are an endangered relic population with only about 100 surviving members, who inhabit the Andaman Islands in the Indian Ocean. They are classified as Negritos, and are related to  Negritos from neighboring NE India, Burma, Cambodia, and Indonesia. The unifying physical characteristics of Negritos are short stature, curly hair, and dark pigmentation. Although […]

OVERVIEW The overwhelming majority of published ancient DNA (aDNA) are pseudo-haploid genomes. This study focuses on the suitability and accuracy of these pseudo-haplodized aDNA genomes for various types of downstream analysis, such as those involving admixture allele frequency studies, as well as Identity-by-Decent (IBD) analyses and analyses using formal methods. The accuracy of pseudo-haploid aDNA […]